Census-designated place · Greene County, New York

Cairo, New York

Cairo is a census-designated place in Greene County, New York. It has 1,660 residents. Cairo, New York has a quality-of-life score of 58 out of 100 (moderate), ranking #6,519 of 15,651 US cities and towns. Within New York it ranks #622 of 859 cities and towns. It ranks best on public EV charging ports (high), students per teacher (low) and unemployment rate (low). It ranks worst on average commute time (high), effective property tax rate (high) and income inequality (Gini index) (high).

58Moderate

Quality-of-life score: #6,519 of 15,651 cities and towns
New York: #622 of 859 in NY
Population: 1,660 (2020-2024)
Land area: 4 mi²
Density: 392.6 /mi²
FIPS code: 3611638

Percentile-based score (100 is the best in the country) from 69 of 80 indicators, with the default “Explorer” weights.

Open in the map

Scores by category

Each category averages its indicators' percentile scores among US cities and towns.

Safety85#2,301/15,637
Economy54#7,170/15,631
Housing44#8,373/14,977
Health59#6,466/15,609
Healthcare9#14,299/15,650
Environment85#2,320/15,453
Education59#6,378/15,649
Infrastructure19#12,690/15,650
Community57#6,704/15,651
Leisure & amenities86#2,112/15,651

Strengths · Weaknesses

Indicators where Cairo, New York ranks highest and lowest among US cities and towns (score = percentile, 100 = best). Values marked “Greene County value” are the county’s: the source publishes no figure for this city or town, and the county holding most of its residents stands in.

Strengths

Public EV charging ports · high26.9 /10k
98/100New York 10.8 /10kUnited States 7.6 /10kOct 2026U.S. Department of EnergyGreene County value
Students per teacher · low9.8×
98/100New York 12.0×United States 15.2×2024National Center for Education StatisticsGreene County value
Unemployment rate · low0.0%
98/100New York 4.3%United States 4.3%2020-2024U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Census table B23025
Restaurants and bars · high17.6 /10k
97/100New York 11.3 /10kUnited States 9.0 /10k2025U.S. Bureau of Labor StatisticsGreene County value
Violent crime rate · low64 /100k
95/100New York 368 /100kUnited States 328 /100k2025Federal Bureau of InvestigationCovers part of the area: some reporting agencies or member counties have no figureGreene County value
Drought exposure · low1%
94/100New York 15%United States 43%Oct 2025–Sep 2026National Drought Mitigation Center (University of Nebraska–Lincoln), USDA and NOAAGreene County value

Weaknesses

Average commute time · high27.2 min
3/100New York 32.6 minUnited States 26.4 min2020-2024U.S. Census Bureau Census table B08013
Effective property tax rate · high2.16%
5/100New York 1.30%United States 0.94%2020-2024U.S. Census Bureau Census table B25090
Income inequality (Gini index) · high0.492
5/100New York 0.517United States 0.4832020-2024U.S. Census Bureau Census table B19083
Primary care physicians · low27 /100k
10/100New York 83 /100kUnited States 76 /100k2022University of Wisconsin Population Health InstituteGreene County value
Distance to an emergency room · high12.7 mi
11/100New York 3.6 miUnited States 5.5 miJul 2026Centers for Medicare & Medicaid ServicesGreene County value
Job growth · low-1.9%
14/100New York -0.3%United States 0.1%2026 Q1U.S. Bureau of Labor StatisticsProvisional dataGreene County value

Trends

The largest changes over about five years, next to the country's over the same periods.

PopulationRising
955 (2015-2019) → 1,660 (2020-2024)
+74%5 yearsCensus table B01003US 328,329,953 → 340,003,797
Median household incomeImproving
$24,855 (2015-2019) → $81,885 (2020-2024)
+229%5 yearsCensus table B19013US $65,712 → $81,604
Broadband subscriptionsImproving
61.6% (2015-2019) → 87.1% (2020-2024)
+25 pts5 yearsCensus table B28002US 82.7% → 91.0%
Rent-burdened householdsImproving
55.9% (2015-2019) → 33.2% (2020-2024)
−23 pts5 yearsCensus table B25070US 49.6% → 51.1%
Bachelor's degree or higherImproving
11.0% (2015-2019) → 28.6% (2020-2024)
+18 pts5 yearsCensus table B15003US 32.1% → 35.7%
Rent as share of incomeImproving
37.8% (2015-2019) → 23.8% (2020-2024)
−14 pts5 yearsCensus table B25071US 29.8% → 30.6%

What changed in five years

How each measure moved between two periods about five years apart, read against whether more or less is better, the published margin of error and the same change in other places.

Over about five years, Cairo, New York improved on 2 of 8 measures with a comparison and declined on 0. 6 moved within the margin of error and 0 barely changed.

Earlier (2015-2019)
Latest (2020-2024)
Lower standingHigher standing

Position is the place's standing among cities and towns: further right is better, whichever way the measure counts.

Improved2

Household income+229%$24,855 → $81,885
Broadband+25 points61.6% → 87.1%

Declined0

No measure declined by more than its margin of error.

All 8 measures

Change of every measure of Cairo, New York between two periods about five years apart
Measure	Before	After	Change	Reading	Favourable vs peers
Average commute time	22.4 min2015-2019	27.2 min2020-2024	+4.8 min	Within the margin of error	11%
Broadband subscriptions	61.6%2015-2019	87.1%2020-2024	+25 points	Improved	96%
Effective property tax rate	1.97%2015-2019	2.16%2020-2024	+0.2 points	Within the margin of error	3%
High school diploma or higher	87.3%2015-2019	99.0%2020-2024	+12 points	Within the margin of error	97%
Income inequality (Gini index)	0.4122015-2019	0.4922020-2024	+0.080	Within the margin of error	8%
Median household income	$24,8552015-2019	$81,8852020-2024	+229%	Improved	100%
Public transit commuters	0.0%2015-2019	0.0%2020-2024	0 points	Within the margin of error	60%
Rent as share of income	37.8%2015-2019	23.8%2020-2024	−14 points	Within the margin of error	97%

“Against peers” compares the change with the same change in the 14640 cities and towns that have the same two periods. It describes how common a change is, not why it happened.

Sources: American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. Values are the latest and the one five years earlier of the same publisher dataset; datasets that changed publisher in between are never compared.

Survey estimates (American Community Survey) compare the two most recent 5-year windows that do not share years, so the margin of error of the difference holds. The 2015-2019 window predates the pandemic and 2020-2024 includes it.
A change counts only when it is larger than 1.645 times the square root of the two standard errors squared, summed (a 90% margin). Measures published without a margin must change by at least 5% to count.
“Against peers” compares the change with the same change in the 15651 cities and towns that have the same two periods. It describes how common a change is, not why it happened.
Standing is a percentile among the same places: 0 is the lowest value on the measure (or the worst when lower is better), 100 the best.

Cities and towns like Cairo, New York five years ago that improved

The places whose measures looked most like those of Cairo, New York in the earlier period, ranked by how many measures improved beyond the margin of error, minus how many declined. A comparison of published data, not a forecast and not advice.

For comparison, Cairo, New York itself moved +19.1 points in standing on average over the same 7 measures (standings of all places average about zero).

How the ranking works

Similarity is the root-mean-square difference of standings in the earlier period over the measures most places have. Places are ranked by measures that improved beyond the margin of error minus those that declined (a count that estimation noise in small places cannot inflate), then by the mean change of standing over the measures a place has in both periods. Only places with more improvements than declines and a rise in standing are listed. Standings are relative, so a place can improve in absolute terms and still lose standing.

Who lives here

Age, race and education of residents, from the American Community Survey. Shares are of all residents (age), residents of every origin (race) or adults 25 and over (education).

Age and sex

1,660 residents (±508)

Men
Women

80 and over†
70–79†
60–69†
50–59†
40–49†
30–39†
20–29†
10–19†
Under 10†

Share of all residents, each sex

Biggest shift since 2015–2019: 30–39 women (+14.3 points).

† Wide margin of error (more than 30% of the estimate): read with care.

Table view

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020–2024 · Table B01001View table on data.census.gov

Race and Hispanic origin

1,660 residents (±508)

Cairo, New York
New York share

White77%†1,276
Black15%†256
Hispanic or Latino5.6%†93

Education

1,190 residents (±357)

Cairo, New York
New York share

No high school diploma1.0%†12
High school or GED40%†477
Some college11%†135

Counts are survey estimates, each with a margin of error. The grouping into ranges is ours; every count is the Census Bureau's.

Income

How household income is spread, not just the middle: each bar is the share of households in that income range.

Household income

628 households (±196)

Cairo, New York
New York share

Under $25k12%†73
$25k–50k22%†136
$50k–75k8.9%†56
$75k–100k31%†196
$100k–150k16%†98
$150k–200k4.1%†26
$200k or more6.8%†43

Biggest shift since 2015–2019: Under $25k (−38.9 points).

† Wide margin of error (more than 30% of the estimate): read with care.

Table view

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020–2024 · Table B19001View table on data.census.gov

Counts are survey estimates, each with a margin of error. The grouping into ranges is ours; every count is the Census Bureau's.

Homes

Who owns and who rents, what homes cost, and what the housing stock looks like.

Owners and renters

628 households (±196)

Cairo, New York
New York share

Own54%†339
Rent46%†289

No change since 2015–2019 is larger than the margin of error.

† Wide margin of error (more than 30% of the estimate): read with care.

Table view

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020–2024 · Table B25003View table on data.census.gov

Rent paid

289 households (±148)

Cairo, New York
New York share

Under $75018%†53
$750–1,00013%†38
$1,000–1,50013%†39

Home values

339 homes (±118)

Cairo, New York
New York share

Under $150k23%†78
$150k–250k35%†119
$250k–400k36%†123

Age of homes

770 homes (±199)

Cairo, New York
New York share

2010 or later5.5%†42
2000–20094.3%†33
1980–19994.0%†31

Size of homes

770 homes (±199)

Cairo, New York
New York share

Studio2.3%†18
1 bedroom8.7%†67
2 bedrooms37%†283

Counts are survey estimates, each with a margin of error. The grouping into ranges is ours; every count is the Census Bureau's.

Getting to work

How workers travel to their job and how long it takes them.

How people get to work

861 workers (±320)

Cairo, New York
New York share

Drive alone76%†653
Carpool7.5%†65
Public transit0.0%0
Walk0.0%0
Bike0.0%0
Work from home17%†143
Other0.0%0

No change since 2015–2019 is larger than the margin of error.

† Wide margin of error (more than 30% of the estimate): read with care.

Table view

American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020–2024 · Table B08301View table on data.census.gov

Time to get to work

718 workers (±273)

Cairo, New York
New York share

Under 15 min23%†167
15–29 min28%†199
30–44 min34%†246

Counts are survey estimates, each with a margin of error. The grouping into ranges is ours; every count is the Census Bureau's.

Local businesses

Employer businesses and sole proprietors by industry, per resident and against the state and the nation. Counts of businesses next to counts of people, not a measure of demand.

The Census Bureau publishes business counts by county, not by city, so these are the figures of Greene County, the county holding most of Cairo's residents.

Greene County has 1,203 employer establishments, 254 for every 10,000 residents (1.02× the US rate of 248; 0.93× New York's), with 10,966 paid employees at an average annual pay of $44,041. The Census Bureau also counts 4,439 nonemployer businesses, mostly sole proprietors.

Establishments: 1,203; 4,439 nonemployers
Per 10,000 residents: 254; US 248 · New York 274
Paid employees: 10,966
Average annual pay: $44,041; US $68,342

Employer establishments, employees, average pay and nonemployers of Greene County by industry, with the density per resident against the nation

Restaurants and other eating places	135	28.5	1.55×More than typical	1,185	$24,664	24
Specialty trade contractors	93	19.6	1.27×More than typical	293	$55,935	429
Full-service restaurants	82	17.3	2.25×More than typical	731	$26,449	6
Construction of buildings	60	12.7	1.67×More than typical	172	$51,169	179
Traveler accommodation	45	9.5	5.26×More than typical	1,221	$25,331	40
Lessors of real estate	40	8.4	0.68×Fewer than typical	152	$47,033	620
Ambulatory health care services	39	8.2	0.39×Fewer than typical	346	$49,295	166
Services to buildings and dwellings	39	8.2	1.22×About typical	64	$43,719	291
Gasoline stations	35	7.4	2.28×More than typical	324	$31,457	—
Limited-service restaurants	35	7.4	0.92×About typical	355	$21,510	10
Building equipment contractors	33	7	1.16×About typical	130	$46,692	67
Automotive repair and maintenance	27	5.7	1.13×About typical	86	$47,930	39

Rank places for an industry Open Greene County

County Business Patterns (2023); Nonemployer Statistics (2024)

Per-resident figures divide by the population estimate of 2023: 47,411 residents here, 336,755,052 in the United States. County Business Patterns counts establishments in 2023; the Nonemployer Statistics count businesses in 2024.
“More than typical” is a density at least 1.25 times the nation's per resident, “fewer” at most 0.8 times, with at least 10 establishments. It compares counts of businesses with counts of people: it says nothing about demand, incomes, size, quality or profit, and visitors and commuters are not residents.
The Census Bureau adds noise to employment and payroll to protect confidentiality, and withholds some figures: an industry with few establishments can show employees or pay as unavailable.
Industries overlap: a narrower industry (full-service restaurants) is part of a broader one (restaurants), so the rows do not add up.
Industries follow the North American Industry Classification System; the two surveys use different editions (NAICS 2017 and 2022), which this page matches industry by industry.

Federal contracts performed here

In FY2026, an estimated $0 of federal contract obligations were for work performed in Cairo, New York: $0 per resident (US $1,994).

Obligations: $0
Per resident: $0; US $1,994
Sole-source: —; US 30%
Single offer: —; US 8.8%

A signal is a reason to look closer, not evidence of wrongdoing: most sole-source awards are lawful and justified.

Top buying agencies

Top recipients

Spending by fiscal year

12.2FY2018
28.4FY2019
22.1KFY2021
1.1KFY2022
1.2KFY2023
883.4FY2024

What was bought

Source: Federal contract transactions (Federal Procurement Data System) (U.S. Department of the Treasury, USAspending.gov), data current to Oct 3, 2026, loaded Oct 3, 2026.

How this is estimated

Agencies report each contract action's place of performance as a county and a ZIP code. A ZIP code's money is split among the cities it covers by the share of its land inside each (Census 2020 ZIP code tabulation areas); the part outside city limits stays with the county.

The place of performance is what the contracting agency reports, often the contractor's office rather than where the work happens.
Shares are of land, not of people or businesses: a ZIP code that is mostly rural land but has its offices in town gives the town less than it should.
ZIP codes that are not mapped areas (post office boxes, the unique ZIP codes of large federal sites and companies) stay with their county, unless one city covers nearly all of it.
Counts of actions and awards include those only partly in Cairo, New York, so they do not add up across cities.

Cairo, New York's figures are part of those of Greene County, NY ($1M in FY2026), never added to them: 0.0% of that total.

Grants and other federal assistance are counted by county here, not split among cities: Cairo is mostly in Greene County.

See federal money in Greene County

Representation in Congress

Members serving today, with their record in the current Congress (party-unity votes cast with their caucus, roll calls missed). Not a grade.

Cairo, New York is represented in the 119th Congress by these members.

House

Josh RileyD-NY-19 · 100% of residentsWith party 89%Missed 1.8%

Senate

Explore Congress The 2026 races

County

A city can lie in several counties. Some indicators are published for counties only: the page marks them.

Greene County75100% of residents

Other cities and towns in Greene County

Largest first.

Similar cities and towns

Closest indicator profiles across the country (no model: score distances).

Data and sources

Latest published value of each indicator; periods differ by source. Values flagged by their publisher are marked.

PLACES: Local Data for Better HealthCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · release 2025
Local Area Unemployment StatisticsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · release 2025
American Community Survey 5-Year EstimatesU.S. Census Bureau · release 2017-2024
Population Estimates ProgramU.S. Census Bureau · release 2025
Small Area Health Insurance EstimatesU.S. Census Bureau · release 2024
Small Area Income and Poverty EstimatesU.S. Census Bureau · release 2024
County Health Rankings & RoadmapsUniversity of Wisconsin Population Health Institute · release 2022-2025+2026-03-supplement

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