S. 4445 · 118th Congress

Right to IVF Act

Introduced on Jun 3, 2024 by Tammy Duckworth (D-IL). 48 cosponsors, all from the sponsor's party. Latest action (Sep 17, 2024): Upon reconsideration, cloture on the motion to proceed to the measure not invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 51 - 44. Record Vote Number: 242. (CR S6078)

Stage
Introduced
Introduced
Jun 3, 2024
Cosponsors
48
0 from the other party
Policy area
Health
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Progress

The furthest stage the measure reached. Simple and concurrent resolutions do not go to the President.

  1. Introduced
  2. 2Reported by committee
  3. 3Passed one chamber
  4. 4Passed both chambers
  5. 5Sent to the President
  6. 6Became law

Official title

A bill to protect and expand nationwide access to fertility treatment, including in vitro fertilization.

Subjects

  • Civil actions and liability
  • Drug therapy
  • Family planning and birth control
  • Federal district courts
  • Federal preemption
  • Genetics
  • Government employee pay, benefits, personnel management
  • Health care costs and insurance
  • Health care coverage and access
  • Health information and medical records
  • Health technology, devices, supplies
  • Jurisdiction and venue
  • Labor-management relations
  • Medicaid
  • Medical research
  • Military personnel and dependents
  • Prescription drugs
  • Right of privacy
  • Sex and reproductive health
  • State and local government operations
  • Veterans' medical care
  • Women's health

Summary

By the Congressional Research Service (Introduced in Senate, Jun 3, 2024). Public domain.

Right to IVF Act

This bill provides a statutory right to access fertility treatments (e.g., in vitro fertilization).

Specifically, under the bill, individuals have the right to access fertility treatments and to make decisions about the use of their reproductive genetic material (e.g., embryos) without limitation or interference. Health care providers and insurers have the right to provide and cover these services, respectively. Manufacturers of applicable drugs or devices also have the right to provide these drugs or devices.

The bill supersedes state laws that limit or otherwise interfere with the provision of fertility treatments as set out under this bill, including laws that require medically unnecessary procedures or services in conjunction with fertility treatments or that restrict the ability of individuals to receive fertility treatments based on marital status or sex (including sexual orientation or gender identity). The bill does not affect state health and safety regulations for medical facilities or health care providers that are in accordance with widely accepted and evidence-based medical standards and for which the purpose cannot be achieved in another, nonrestrictive manner.

The Department of Justice may bring civil actions against states, individuals, or entities that implement or enforce limitations or requirements that violate this bill. Individuals and health care providers may also bring civil actions.

In addition, the bill provides for coverage of fertility treatments under Medicare and Medicaid and for members of the uniformed services and veterans. It also requires private insurers that cover obstetrical services to also cover fertility treatments.

Sponsor and cosponsors

Cosponsors by party as of the day they signed on. Original cosponsors signed on the day of introduction.

Tammy DuckworthD-ILSponsor

Democrats · 46

Independents · 2

Roll calls

Recorded votes on the measure. Most measures move by voice vote or unanimous consent, which record no individual positions.

  1. On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed
    Jun 13, 2024· Senate· Cloture· Cloture on the Motion to Proceed Rejected 48–47
  2. On the Cloture Motion
    Sep 17, 2024· Senate· Cloture· Cloture Motion Rejected 51–44

History

Every action as published, oldest first. Roll calls link to how each member voted.

  1. Jun 3, 2024Introduced in Senate
  2. Jun 3, 2024 · SenateIntroduced in the Senate. Read the first time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under Read the First Time.
  3. Jun 4, 2024 · SenateRead the second time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 413.
  4. Jun 5, 2024 · SenateMotion to proceed to consideration of measure made in Senate. (CR S3983)
  5. Jun 5, 2024 · SenateCloture motion on the motion to proceed to the measure presented in Senate. (CR S3983)
  6. Jun 13, 2024 · SenateMotion to proceed to consideration of measure made in Senate. (consideration: CR S4067-4075)
  7. Jun 13, 2024 · SenateCloture on the motion to proceed to the measure not invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 48 - 47. Record Vote Number: 197. (CR S4075)Senate · Roll call 197
  8. Jun 13, 2024 · SenateMotion by Senator Schumer to reconsider the vote by which cloture on the motion to proceed to the measure was not invoked (Record Vote No. 197) made in Senate.
  9. Sep 17, 2024 · SenateMotion to proceed to measure considered in Senate. (CR S6075)
  10. Sep 17, 2024 · SenateMotion to proceed to consideration of the motion to reconsider the vote by which cloture on the motion to proceed to S. 4445 was not invoked (Record Vote No. 197) agreed to in Senate by Voice Vote. (CR S6078)
  11. Sep 17, 2024 · SenateMotion by Senator Schumer to reconsider the vote by which cloture on the motion to proceed to S. 4445 was not invoked (Record Vote No. 197) agreed to in Senate by Voice Vote. (CR S6078)
  12. Sep 17, 2024 · SenateUpon reconsideration, cloture on the motion to proceed to the measure not invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 51 - 44. Record Vote Number: 242. (CR S6078)Senate · Roll call 242

Who lobbied on it

Organizations whose lobbying reports (LD-2) name this measure. Spending is what they reported for those quarters on all issues, not on this measure alone.

  1. AMERICA'S HEALTH INSURANCE PLANS, INC. (AHIP)3 reports
    $7.6M reported (all issues)
  2. American Federation of Teachers3 reports
    $950K reported (all issues)
  3. American Society for Reproductive Medicine3 reports
    $60K reported (all issues)
  4. CooperSurgical, Inc.3 reports
    $130K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: COOPERSURGICAL INCAI match · 100%
  5. DISABLED AMERICAN VETERANS3 reports
    $475.9K reported (all issues)
  6. HADASSAH, THE WOMEN'S ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA, INC.3 reports
    $180K reported (all issues)
  7. HUMAN RIGHTS CAMPAIGN3 reports
    $637.7K reported (all issues)
  8. PLANNED PARENTHOOD ACTION FUND INC.3 reports
    $47.3K reported (all issues)
  9. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc.3 reports
    $762K reported (all issues)
  10. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists2 reports
    $505K reported (all issues)
  11. EMD SERONO, INC.2 reports
  12. GUTTMACHER INSTITUTE2 reports
    $10K reported (all issues)
  13. Heritage Action for America2 reports
    $440K reported (all issues)
  14. Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights2 reports
    $1.1M reported (all issues)
  15. REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM FOR ALL2 reports
    $60K reported (all issues)
  16. Susan B Anthony List2 reports
    $600K reported (all issues)
  17. AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE, COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES1 report
    $680K reported (all issues)
  18. American Civil Liberties Union1 report
    $410K reported (all issues)
  19. CENTER FOR REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS1 report
    $150K reported (all issues)
  20. FAMILY RESEARCH COUNCIL1 report
  21. Families USA Foundation, Inc.1 report
    $10K reported (all issues)
  22. NATIONAL NURSES UNITED1 report
    $100K reported (all issues)
  23. NATIONAL RIGHT TO LIFE COMMITTEE1 report
    $50K reported (all issues)
  24. National Right Life Committee1 report
    $38K reported (all issues)

Reports filed in 2024, 2025.

Sources and method

Every figure on this page traces to these records.

  • Bill status: bills and resolutions, sponsors, actions, subjects and CRS summaries (U.S. Government Publishing Office (GovInfo), from Congress.gov (Library of Congress))GovInfo Bill Status bulk data (Congress.gov; summaries by the Congressional Research Service) · data current to Oct 10, 2026 · loaded Oct 10, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Members of Congress, their terms, committees and identifiers (The @unitedstates project (from the Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, the House and the Senate))unitedstates/congress-legislators: legislators, committees and current committee membership · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: CC0 1.0 (public domain dedication)
  • House roll-call votes (Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives, roll-call vote records · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Senate roll-call votes and DW-NOMINATE scores (Voteview (UCLA Department of Political Science))Lewis, Jeffrey B., Keith Poole, Howard Rosenthal, Adam Boche, Aaron Rudkin, and Luke Sonnet (2026). Voteview: Congressional Roll-Call Votes Database. https://voteview.com/ · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Free to use with the required citation
  • Lobbying disclosures (LD-1 registrations, LD-2 quarterly reports, LD-203 contribution reports) (Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives)Clerk of the House, Lobbying Disclosure Act filings (organizations only; lobbyists' names are not loaded) · data current to Oct 10, 2026 · loaded Oct 10, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Positions are shown only where a roll call recorded them; voice votes and unanimous consent record none.
  • Money and votes are shown side by side; neither explains the other.