H.R. 151 · 119th Congress

Equal Representation Act of 2025

Introduced on Jan 3, 2025 by Chuck Edwards (R-NC-11). 66 cosponsors, all from the sponsor's party. Latest action (Apr 21, 2026): Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 536.

Stage
Reported by committee
Introduced
Jan 3, 2025
Cosponsors
66
0 from the other party
Policy area
Government Operations and Politics
Open in the Congress explorerCongress.govAlert me

Progress

The furthest stage the measure reached. Simple and concurrent resolutions do not go to the President.

  1. Introduced
  2. Reported by committee
  3. 3Passed one chamber
  4. 4Passed both chambers
  5. 5Sent to the President
  6. 6Became law

Official title

To require a citizenship question on the decennial census, to require reporting on certain census statistics, and to modify apportionment of Representatives to be based on United States citizens instead of all persons.

Subjects

  • Census and government statistics
  • Citizenship and naturalization
  • Congressional districts and representation
  • Government information and archives
  • Immigration status and procedures

Summary

By the Congressional Research Service (Introduced in House, Jan 3, 2025). Public domain.

Equal Representation Act

This bill requires that the statement sent by the President to Congress after the decennial census indicating the number of persons in each state exclude noncitizens. (This statement is the basis for reapportionment of U.S. Representatives.)

The bill also requires any questionnaire used in the decennial census to include a checkbox or other similar option for respondents to indicate whether the respondent and each household member is (1) a U.S. citizen, (2) a U.S. national but not a citizen, (3) a non-U.S. national (alien under federal law) lawfully residing in the United States, or (4) a non-U.S. national unlawfully residing in the United States.

The Department of Commerce must make public the number of persons in each state, disaggregated by each of these four categories.

Sponsor and cosponsors

Cosponsors by party as of the day they signed on. Original cosponsors signed on the day of introduction.

Chuck EdwardsR-NC-11Sponsor

Republicans · 66

Roll calls

Recorded votes on the measure. Most measures move by voice vote or unanimous consent, which record no individual positions.

No recorded roll call on this measure: it moved by voice vote or unanimous consent, or has not reached the floor.

History

Every action as published, oldest first. Roll calls link to how each member voted.

  1. Jan 3, 2025Introduced in House
  2. Jan 3, 2025Introduced in House
  3. Jan 3, 2025 · HouseReferred to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.
  4. Jan 13, 2025Sponsor introductory remarks on measure. (CR E21)
  5. Dec 2, 2025 · HouseCommittee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
  6. Dec 2, 2025 · HouseOrdered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 20 - 19.
  7. Apr 21, 2026Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. H. Rept. 119-619.
  8. Apr 21, 2026 · HouseReported (Amended) by the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. H. Rept. 119-619.
  9. Apr 21, 2026 · HousePlaced on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 536.

Committees

Committees and subcommittees the measure was referred to.

Agencies in its committees' jurisdiction

Analisa's mapping of committee jurisdiction to federal agencies; the bill may touch others, or none of these.

Who lobbied on it

Organizations whose lobbying reports (LD-2) name this measure. Spending is what they reported for those quarters on all issues, not on this measure alone.

  1. NALEO Educational Fund5 reports
    $7,512 reported (all issues)
  2. Federation for American Immigration Reform4 reports
    $152K reported (all issues)
  3. American Civil Liberties Union3 reports
    $1.6M reported (all issues)
  4. LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS OF THE U.S.3 reports
    $273K reported (all issues)
  5. Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights3 reports
    $630K reported (all issues)
  6. Consortium of Social Science Associations2 reports
    $25K reported (all issues)
  7. Brennan Center for Justice at New York University School of Law1 report
    $30K reported (all issues)
  8. Heritage Action for America1 report
    $130K reported (all issues)

Reports filed in 2025, 2026.

Sources and method

Every figure on this page traces to these records.

  • Bill status: bills and resolutions, sponsors, actions, subjects and CRS summaries (U.S. Government Publishing Office (GovInfo), from Congress.gov (Library of Congress))GovInfo Bill Status bulk data (Congress.gov; summaries by the Congressional Research Service) · data current to Oct 6, 2026 · loaded Oct 6, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Members of Congress, their terms, committees and identifiers (The @unitedstates project (from the Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, the House and the Senate))unitedstates/congress-legislators: legislators, committees and current committee membership · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: CC0 1.0 (public domain dedication)
  • House roll-call votes (Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives, roll-call vote records · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Senate roll-call votes and DW-NOMINATE scores (Voteview (UCLA Department of Political Science))Lewis, Jeffrey B., Keith Poole, Howard Rosenthal, Adam Boche, Aaron Rudkin, and Luke Sonnet (2026). Voteview: Congressional Roll-Call Votes Database. https://voteview.com/ · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Free to use with the required citation
  • Lobbying disclosures (LD-1 registrations, LD-2 quarterly reports, LD-203 contribution reports) (Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives)Clerk of the House, Lobbying Disclosure Act filings (organizations only; lobbyists' names are not loaded) · data current to Oct 6, 2026 · loaded Oct 6, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Positions are shown only where a roll call recorded them; voice votes and unanimous consent record none.
  • Money and votes are shown side by side; neither explains the other.