H.R. 4312 · 119th Congress

SCORE Act

Introduced on Jul 10, 2025 by Gus M. Bilirakis (R-FL-12). 21 cosponsors, 6 of them from another party. Latest action (Dec 1, 2025): Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 916 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4312, H.R. 1005, H.R. 1049, H.R. 1069, H.R. 2965 and H.R. 4305. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4312, H.R. 1005, H.R. 1049, H.R. 1069, H.R. 2965, and H.R. 4305 under a closed rule with one hour of general debate and one motion to recommit on each bill.

Stage
Reported by committee
Introduced
Jul 10, 2025
Cosponsors
21
6 from the other party
Policy area
Sports and Recreation
Open in the Congress explorerCongress.govAlert me

Progress

The furthest stage the measure reached. Simple and concurrent resolutions do not go to the President.

  1. Introduced
  2. Reported by committee
  3. 3Passed one chamber
  4. 4Passed both chambers
  5. 5Sent to the President
  6. 6Became law

Official title

To protect the name, image, and likeness rights of student athletes and to promote fair competition with respect to intercollegiate athletics, and for other purposes.

Subjects

  • Athletes
  • Educational facilities and institutions
  • Higher education
  • Retail and wholesale trades
  • School athletics
  • Student aid and college costs
  • Wages and earnings

Summary

By the Congressional Research Service (Reported to House, Sep 11, 2025). Public domain.

Student Compensation and Opportunity through Rights and Endorsements Act or the SCORE Act

This bill provides a framework for the compensation of student athletes for the use of their name, image, or likeness (NIL). This includes addressing certain elements of the court approved agreement to settle the In re College Athlete NIL Litigation (i.e., House settlement).

Specifically, the bill statutorily prohibits institutions, conferences, or interstate intercollegiate athletic associations (e.g., the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)) from restricting the ability of a student athlete to enter an NIL agreement.

The bill also requires institutions of higher education that generate $20 million or more in annual revenue from the institution's intercollegiate athletics activities to (1) provide counseling and medical benefits to student athletes, and (2) establish and maintain at least 16 varsity sports teams.

Further, the bill authorizes interstate intercollegiate athletic associations to establish rules with respect to athletic eligibility, transfers, recruitment, and the disclosure of NIL agreements.

Under the bill, student athletes may not be considered employees of an institution, conference, or interstate intercollegiate athletic association.

The bill also preempts state laws with respect to compensation, payments, benefits, employment status, eligibility, and academic standards applicable to student athletes.

Compliance with the provisions of this bill is considered lawful under federal and state antitrust laws.

Sponsor and cosponsors

Cosponsors by party as of the day they signed on. Original cosponsors signed on the day of introduction.

Gus M. BilirakisR-FL-12Sponsor

Democrats · 6

Republicans · 15

Withdrawn cosponsors

Roll calls

Recorded votes on the measure. Most measures move by voice vote or unanimous consent, which record no individual positions.

No recorded roll call on this measure: it moved by voice vote or unanimous consent, or has not reached the floor.

History

Every action as published, oldest first. Roll calls link to how each member voted.

  1. Jul 10, 2025Introduced in House
  2. Jul 10, 2025Introduced in House
  3. Jul 10, 2025 · HouseReferred to the Committee on Education and Workforce, and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
  4. Jul 10, 2025 · HouseReferred to the Committee on Education and Workforce, and in addition to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
  5. Jul 10, 2025 · HouseReferred to the Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing, and Trade.
  6. Jul 15, 2025 · HouseSubcommittee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
  7. Jul 15, 2025 · HouseForwarded by Subcommittee to Full Committee by the Yeas and Nays: 12 - 11.
  8. Jul 23, 2025 · HouseCommittee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
  9. Jul 23, 2025 · HouseOrdered to be Reported in the Nature of a Substitute by the Yeas and Nays: 18 - 17.
  10. Jul 23, 2025 · HouseCommittee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
  11. Jul 23, 2025 · HouseOrdered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 30 - 23.
  12. Sep 11, 2025Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Energy and Commerce. H. Rept. 119-270, Part I.
  13. Sep 11, 2025 · HouseReported (Amended) by the Committee on Energy and Commerce. H. Rept. 119-270, Part I.
  14. Sep 11, 2025Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Education and Workforce. H. Rept. 119-270, Part II.
  15. Sep 11, 2025 · HouseReported (Amended) by the Committee on Education and Workforce. H. Rept. 119-270, Part II.
  16. Sep 11, 2025 · HousePlaced on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 226.
  17. Nov 25, 2025Supplemental report filed by the Committee on Energy and Commerce, H. Rept. 119-270, Part III.
  18. Nov 25, 2025 · HouseSupplemental report filed by the Committee on Energy and Commerce, H. Rept. 119-270, Part III.
  19. Nov 25, 2025Supplemental report filed by the Committee on Education and Workforce, H. Rept. 119-270, Part IV.
  20. Nov 25, 2025 · HouseSupplemental report filed by the Committee on Education and Workforce, H. Rept. 119-270, Part IV.
  21. Dec 1, 2025 · HouseRules Committee Resolution H. Res. 916 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4312, H.R. 1005, H.R. 1049, H.R. 1069, H.R. 2965 and H.R. 4305. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4312, H.R. 1005, H.R. 1049, H.R. 1069, H.R. 2965, and H.R. 4305 under a closed rule with one hour of general debate and one motion to recommit on each bill.

Committees

Committees and subcommittees the measure was referred to.

Agencies in its committees' jurisdiction

Analisa's mapping of committee jurisdiction to federal agencies; the bill may touch others, or none of these.

Who lobbied on it

Organizations whose lobbying reports (LD-2) name this measure. Spending is what they reported for those quarters on all issues, not on this measure alone.

  1. Saving College Sports12 reports
    $670K reported (all issues)
  2. NATIONAL ATHLETIC TRAINERS' ASSOCIATION INC9 reports
    $430K reported (all issues)
  3. American Association for Justice8 reports
    $6.5M reported (all issues)
  4. American Football Coaches Association8 reports
    $280K reported (all issues)
  5. Baylor University8 reports
    $450K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: BAYLOR UNIVERSITY$1.3M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  6. Big Ten Conference, Inc.8 reports
    $690K reported (all issues)
  7. The University of Alabama System8 reports
    $240K reported (all issues)
  8. University of Connecticut8 reports
    $460K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT$5.3M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  9. NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE PLAYERS ASSOCIATION7 reports
    $130K reported (all issues)
  10. Stanford University6 reports
    $540K reported (all issues)
  11. AFL-CIO5 reports
    $4.3M reported (all issues)Federal contractor: AFL-CIO WORKING FOR AMERICA INSTITUTE, INC. (THE)AI match · 92%
  12. Colorado State University Foundation5 reports
    $300K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY$3.7M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 91%
  13. FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY5 reports
    $315K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY$3.9M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  14. NATIONAL COLLEGIATE ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION5 reports
    $1.1M reported (all issues)
  15. North Carolina State University5 reports
    $240K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY$1.6M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  16. The University of Toledo5 reports
    $130K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDOAI match · 100%
  17. University of Kansas5 reports
    $300K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS$298.2K in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  18. American Federation of Teachers4 reports
    $1.8M reported (all issues)
  19. Big 12 Conference4 reports
    $160K reported (all issues)
  20. Board of Trustees of Eastern Illinois University4 reports
    $50K reported (all issues)
  21. COOK GROUP INC4 reports
    $560K reported (all issues)
  22. DARTMOUTH COLLEGE4 reports
    $300K reported (all issues)
  23. Eastern Michigan University4 reports
    $40K reported (all issues)
  24. Georgia State University Research Foundation4 reports
    $110K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION INCAI match · 100%
  25. KENT STATE UNIVERSITY4 reports
    $10K reported (all issues)
  26. Liberty University4 reports
    $200K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: LIBERTY UNIVERSITY INC$511.8K in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  27. MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY4 reports
    $80K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY$1.8M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  28. Major League Baseball Players Association4 reports
    $40K reported (all issues)
  29. Major League Soccer Players Association4 reports
    $40K reported (all issues)
  30. NATIONAL ASSN OF INDEPENDENT COLLEGES & UNIVERSITIES4 reports
    $420K reported (all issues)
  31. NIKE, INC.4 reports
  32. National Basketball Players Association4 reports
    $40K reported (all issues)
  33. National Hockey League Players Association4 reports
    $40K reported (all issues)
  34. Nevada System of Higher Education4 reports
    $240K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: NEVADA SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION$7.9M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  35. OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY4 reports
    $220K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY$4.8M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  36. PRINCETON UNIVERSITY4 reports
    $670K reported (all issues)
  37. Pac-12 Conference4 reports
    $200K reported (all issues)
  38. RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY4 reports
    $400K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY$15.3M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  39. Southern Methodist University4 reports
    $160K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: SOUTHERN METHODIST UNIVERSITY$5.3M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  40. THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE4 reports
    $630K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEEAI match · 100%

Reports filed in 2025, 2026.

Sources and method

Every figure on this page traces to these records.

  • Bill status: bills and resolutions, sponsors, actions, subjects and CRS summaries (U.S. Government Publishing Office (GovInfo), from Congress.gov (Library of Congress))GovInfo Bill Status bulk data (Congress.gov; summaries by the Congressional Research Service) · data current to Oct 9, 2026 · loaded Oct 9, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Members of Congress, their terms, committees and identifiers (The @unitedstates project (from the Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, the House and the Senate))unitedstates/congress-legislators: legislators, committees and current committee membership · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: CC0 1.0 (public domain dedication)
  • House roll-call votes (Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives, roll-call vote records · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Senate roll-call votes and DW-NOMINATE scores (Voteview (UCLA Department of Political Science))Lewis, Jeffrey B., Keith Poole, Howard Rosenthal, Adam Boche, Aaron Rudkin, and Luke Sonnet (2026). Voteview: Congressional Roll-Call Votes Database. https://voteview.com/ · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Free to use with the required citation
  • Lobbying disclosures (LD-1 registrations, LD-2 quarterly reports, LD-203 contribution reports) (Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives)Clerk of the House, Lobbying Disclosure Act filings (organizations only; lobbyists' names are not loaded) · data current to Oct 9, 2026 · loaded Oct 9, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Positions are shown only where a roll call recorded them; voice votes and unanimous consent record none.
  • Money and votes are shown side by side; neither explains the other.