S. 146 · 119th Congress

TAKE IT DOWN Act

Introduced on Jan 16, 2025 by Ted Cruz (R-TX). 21 cosponsors, 11 of them from another party. Became Public Law 119-12.

Stage
Became law
Public Law 119-12
Introduced
Jan 16, 2025
Cosponsors
21
11 from the other party
Policy area
Science, Technology, Communications
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Progress

The furthest stage the measure reached. Simple and concurrent resolutions do not go to the President.

  1. Introduced
  2. Reported by committee
  3. Passed one chamber
  4. Passed both chambers
  5. Sent to the President
  6. Became law

Official title

A bill to require covered platforms to remove nonconsensual intimate visual depictions, and for other purposes.

Subjects

  • Child safety and welfare
  • Crimes against children
  • Criminal investigation, prosecution, interrogation
  • Digital media
  • Fraud offenses and financial crimes
  • Internet, web applications, social media
  • Pornography
  • Sex offenses

Summary

By the Congressional Research Service (Public Law, May 19, 2025). Public domain.

Tools to Address Known Exploitation by Immobilizing Technological Deepfakes on Websites and Networks Act or the TAKE IT DOWN Act

This act generally prohibits the nonconsensual online publication of intimate visual depictions of individuals, both authentic and computer-generated, and requires certain online platforms (e.g., social media platforms) to promptly remove such depictions upon receiving notice of their existence.

Specifically, the act prohibits the online publication of intimate visual depictions of

  • an adult subject where publication is intended to cause or does cause harm to the subject, and where the depiction was published without the subject’s consent or, in the case of an authentic depiction, was created or obtained under circumstances where the adult had a reasonable expectation of privacy; or
  • a minor subject where publication is intended to abuse or harass the minor or to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person.

Violators are subject to mandatory restitution and criminal penalties, including prison, a fine, or both. Threats to publish intimate visual depictions of a subject are similarly prohibited and subject to criminal penalties.

Separately, covered platforms must establish a process through which subjects of intimate visual depictions may notify the platform of the existence of, and request removal of, an intimate visual depiction including the subject that was published without the subject’s consent. Covered platforms must remove such depictions within 48 hours of notification. Under the act, covered platforms are defined as public websites, online services, or applications that primarily provide a forum for user-generated content.

Sponsor and cosponsors

Cosponsors by party as of the day they signed on. Original cosponsors signed on the day of introduction.

Ted CruzR-TXSponsor

Democrats · 11

Republicans · 10

Roll calls

Recorded votes on the measure. Most measures move by voice vote or unanimous consent, which record no individual positions.

  1. On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass
    Apr 28, 2025· House· Passage· Passed 409–2

History

Every action as published, oldest first. Roll calls link to how each member voted.

  1. Jan 16, 2025Introduced in Senate
  2. Jan 16, 2025 · SenateRead twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.
  3. Feb 13, 2025Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation discharged by Unanimous Consent.
  4. Feb 13, 2025 · SenateSenate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation discharged by Unanimous Consent.
  5. Feb 13, 2025Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent.
  6. Feb 13, 2025 · SenatePassed Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent. (consideration: CR S988; text: CR S988-990)
  7. Feb 13, 2025 · SenateMessage on Senate action sent to the House.
  8. Feb 14, 2025 · HouseReceived in the House.
  9. Feb 14, 2025 · HouseHeld at the desk.
  10. Apr 28, 2025 · HouseMr. Bilirakis moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill.
  11. Apr 28, 2025 · HouseConsidered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H1644-1643)
  12. Apr 28, 2025 · HouseDEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on S. 146.
  13. Apr 28, 2025 · HouseAt the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the Chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.
  14. Apr 28, 2025 · HouseConsidered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H1669)
  15. Apr 28, 2025Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 409 - 2 (Roll no. 104). (text: CR H1644-1645: 1)House · Roll call 104
  16. Apr 28, 2025 · HouseOn motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 409 - 2 (Roll no. 104). (text: CR H1644-1645)House · Roll call 104
  17. Apr 28, 2025 · HouseMotion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
  18. May 19, 2025Presented to President.
  19. May 19, 2025 · HousePresented to President.
  20. May 19, 2025Signed by President.
  21. May 19, 2025Signed by President.
  22. May 19, 2025Became Public Law No: 119-12.
  23. May 19, 2025Became Public Law No: 119-12.

Committees

Committees and subcommittees the measure was referred to.

Agencies in its committees' jurisdiction

Analisa's mapping of committee jurisdiction to federal agencies; the bill may touch others, or none of these.

Who lobbied on it

Organizations whose lobbying reports (LD-2) name this measure. Spending is what they reported for those quarters on all issues, not on this measure alone.

  1. Google Client Services LLC12 reports
    $19.5M reported (all issues)
  2. ROBLOX CORPORATION8 reports
    $341.7K reported (all issues)
  3. VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS, INC.8 reports
    $12.3M reported (all issues)
  4. INTERNET WORKS7 reports
    $260K reported (all issues)
  5. American Psychological Association Services Inc.(FKA American Psychological Assn6 reports
    $2.3M reported (all issues)Federal contractor: AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION$710.8K in contracts, FY2026AI match · 99%
  6. Business Software Alliance6 reports
    $2.9M reported (all issues)
  7. General Federation of Women's Clubs6 reports
    $60K reported (all issues)
  8. META PLATFORMS, INC.6 reports
    $39.4M reported (all issues)
  9. NCTA - THE INTERNET & TELEVISION ASSOCIATION6 reports
    $20M reported (all issues)
  10. NEWS MEDIA ALLIANCE6 reports
    $2.7M reported (all issues)
  11. National Fraternal Order of Police6 reports
    $600K reported (all issues)
  12. Reddit, Inc.6 reports
    $360K reported (all issues)
  13. American Association for Justice5 reports
    $7.8M reported (all issues)
  14. BSA, The Software Alliance (Formerly BSA Business Software Alliance, Inc)5 reports
    $150K reported (all issues)
  15. Software & Information Industry Association5 reports
    $6.1M reported (all issues)
  16. Alecto AI, Inc.4 reports
  17. Chamber of Commerce of the U.S.A.4 reports
    $70.3M reported (all issues)
  18. CloudFactors LLC4 reports
  19. NATIONAL HOCKEY LEAGUE4 reports
  20. MICROSOFT CORPORATION3 reports
    $6.9M reported (all issues)Federal contractor: MICROSOFT CORPORATION$443M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 99%
  21. Network3 reports
  22. T-Mobile USA, Inc.3 reports
    $8.5M reported (all issues)Federal contractor: T-MOBILE USA, INC.$32.1M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  23. Bumble Trading LLC2 reports
    $100K reported (all issues)
  24. COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION2 reports
  25. ELECTRONIC FRONTIER FOUNDATION2 reports
    $60K reported (all issues)
  26. ENCODE AI CORPORATION2 reports
    $80K reported (all issues)
  27. ENTERTAINMENT SOFTWARE ASSOCIATION2 reports
    $3M reported (all issues)
  28. Epic Games, Inc.2 reports
  29. Internet Society (ISOC)2 reports
    $60K reported (all issues)
  30. National Center for Missing and Exploited Children2 reports
    $89K reported (all issues)Federal contractor: THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR MISSING AND EXPLOITED CHILDREN$1.4M in contracts, FY2026AI match · 100%
  31. Project for Privacy and Surveillance Accountability, Inc.2 reports
    $130K reported (all issues)
  32. Snap Inc.2 reports
    $580K reported (all issues)
  33. AMERICANS FOR RESPONSIBLE INNOVATION LTD.1 report
    $330K reported (all issues)
  34. ASSOCIATION OF NATIONAL ADVERTISERS, INC.1 report
  35. CONFERENCE OF PROVINCIALS OF NORTH AMERICA1 report
    $20K reported (all issues)
  36. Heritage Action for America1 report
    $100K reported (all issues)
  37. The Business Roundtable, Inc.1 report
    $9.2M reported (all issues)
  38. X Corp. (formerly Twitter, Inc.)1 report
    $170K reported (all issues)

Reports filed in 2025, 2026.

Sources and method

Every figure on this page traces to these records.

  • Bill status: bills and resolutions, sponsors, actions, subjects and CRS summaries (U.S. Government Publishing Office (GovInfo), from Congress.gov (Library of Congress))GovInfo Bill Status bulk data (Congress.gov; summaries by the Congressional Research Service) · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Members of Congress, their terms, committees and identifiers (The @unitedstates project (from the Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, the House and the Senate))unitedstates/congress-legislators: legislators, committees and current committee membership · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: CC0 1.0 (public domain dedication)
  • House roll-call votes (Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives, roll-call vote records · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Senate roll-call votes and DW-NOMINATE scores (Voteview (UCLA Department of Political Science))Lewis, Jeffrey B., Keith Poole, Howard Rosenthal, Adam Boche, Aaron Rudkin, and Luke Sonnet (2026). Voteview: Congressional Roll-Call Votes Database. https://voteview.com/ · data current to Oct 3, 2026 · loaded Oct 3, 2026 · license: Free to use with the required citation
  • Lobbying disclosures (LD-1 registrations, LD-2 quarterly reports, LD-203 contribution reports) (Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives)Clerk of the House, Lobbying Disclosure Act filings (organizations only; lobbyists' names are not loaded) · data current to Oct 5, 2026 · loaded Oct 5, 2026 · license: Public domain (U.S. Government work, 17 U.S.C. § 105)
  • Positions are shown only where a roll call recorded them; voice votes and unanimous consent record none.
  • Money and votes are shown side by side; neither explains the other.