County · Illinois
Clay County, Illinois
Clay County, Illinois has a quality-of-life score of 40 out of 100 (moderate), ranking #1,873 of 3,143 US counties. Within Illinois it ranks #83 of 102 counties. It ranks best on cost of buying a home today (low), home price to income ratio (low) and rent as share of income (low). It ranks worst on bachelor's degree or higher (low), primary care physicians (low) and grocery stores (low).
- Quality-of-life score
- #1,873 of 3,143 counties
- Illinois
- #83 of 102 in IL
- Population
- 12,793 (2025)
- Land area
- 468 mi²
- Density
- 27.3 /mi²
- FIPS code
- 17025
Percentile-based score (100 is the best in the country) from 76 of 80 indicators, with the default “Explorer” weights.
Scores by category
Each category averages its indicators' percentile scores among US counties.
- Safety56#1,375/3,096
- Economy29#2,233/3,143
- Housing95#163/3,140
- Health48#1,645/3,144
- Healthcare45#1,728/3,143
- Environment13#2,698/3,108
- Education24#2,380/3,144
- Infrastructure34#2,083/3,144
- Community49#1,601/3,144
- Leisure & amenities47#1,665/3,143
Strengths · Weaknesses
Indicators where Clay County, Illinois ranks highest and lowest among US counties (score = percentile, 100 = best).
Strengths
- Cost of buying a home today · low15.1%
- Home price to income ratio · low1.6×
- Rent as share of income · low19.4%
- Time spent in the emergency room · low96 min91/100Illinois 170 minUnited States 170 minOct 2024–Sep 2025Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
- Social associations · high18.5 /10k90/100Illinois 9.8 /10kUnited States 9.1 /10k2023University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute
- Injury deaths · low67 /100k90/100Illinois 80 /100kUnited States 87 /100k2019-2023University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute
Weaknesses
- Bachelor's degree or higher · low13.1%
- Primary care physicians · low15 /100k
- Grocery stores · low0.8 /10k
- New business applications · low8.1 /1k
- Public EV charging ports · low0.0 /10k
- Comfortable days · low23.2%
Trends
The largest changes over about five years, next to the country's over the same periods.
- Drought exposureWorsening
0% (2021) → 45% (Oct 2025–Sep 2026)
+45 pts5 yearsUS 40% → 43%
- Voter turnoutWorsening
93.7% (2020) → 68.6% (2024)
−25 pts4 yearsUS 68.5% → 65.2%
- Violent crime rateWorsening
75 /100k (2016) → 161 /100k (2020)
+114%4 yearsUS 397 /100k → 389 /100k
- Gyms and fitness centersImproving
0.8 /10k (2020) → 1.6 /10k (2025)
+107%5 yearsUS 1.2 /10k → 1.3 /10k
- Preventable hospital staysWorsening
1,840 /100k (2019) → 3,788 /100k (2023)
+106%4 yearsUS 3,767 /100k → 2,769 /100k
- Homicide rateImproving
4.3 /100k (2021) → 0.0 /100k (May 2025–Apr 2026)
−100%5 yearsUS 7.8 /100k → 4.8 /100k
What changed in five years
How each measure moved between two periods about five years apart, read against whether more or less is better, the published margin of error and the same change in other places.
Counties like Clay County, Illinois five years ago that improved
The places whose measures looked most like those of Clay County, Illinois in the earlier period, ranked by how many measures improved beyond the margin of error, minus how many declined. A comparison of published data, not a forecast and not advice.
Who lives here
Age, race and education of residents, from the American Community Survey. Shares are of all residents (age), residents of every origin (race) or adults 25 and over (education).
Income
How household income is spread, not just the middle: each bar is the share of households in that income range.
Homes
Who owns and who rents, what homes cost, and what the housing stock looks like.
Getting to work
How workers travel to their job and how long it takes them.
Local businesses
Employer businesses and sole proprietors by industry, per resident and against the state and the nation. Counts of businesses next to counts of people, not a measure of demand.
Federal contract spending
Federal grants & assistance
Grants, loans (counted at their subsidy cost), direct payments and insurance, by fiscal year of the action (USAspending.gov, FABS). Reported apart from contracts and never added to them.
Public money & outcomes
Federal money per resident by fiscal year next to how the place changed, and, when its money jumped, how it compares with similar counties. A comparison, not cause and effect.
Representation in Congress
Members serving today, with their record in the current Congress (party-unity votes cast with their caucus, roll calls missed). Not a grade.
Cities and towns in Clay County
Places whose residents live mostly in Clay County, largest first.
Neighboring counties
Places that share a border, best score first.
Similar counties
Closest indicator profiles across the country (no model: score distances).
- Marion County, IL42Alike on Price / income, Comfortable days, Home value
- Schuyler County, IL59Alike on Price / income, Primary care, Associations
- Pike County, IL45Alike on Price / income, Home value, Buy effort
- Crawford County, IL63Alike on Price / income, Comfortable days, Buy effort
- Jefferson County, IL42Alike on Preventable stays, New businesses, Grocery stores
Data and sources
Latest published value of each indicator; periods differ by source. Values flagged by their publisher are marked.
- Mapping Injury, Overdose, and ViolenceCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · release 2026-10-01
- PLACES: Local Data for Better HealthCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · release 2025
- Daily county PM2.5 and ozone (EPA downscaler model)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · U.S. Environmental Protection Agency · release 2022
- Care Compare: Hospital General Information and Timely and Effective CareCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services · release 2026-07-22
- Distance to airports and intercity railFederal Aviation Administration · Bureau of Transportation Statistics · U.S. Census Bureau · release 2025+amtrak-2026-04-23
- Uniform Crime Reporting Program, Return A master filesFederal Bureau of Investigation · release 2025
- National Risk IndexFederal Emergency Management Agency · release v1.20.0
- Health Professional Shortage AreasHealth Resources and Services Administration · release 2026-10-03
- Public Libraries SurveyInstitute of Museum and Library Services · release FY2024
- Common Core of DataNational Center for Education Statistics · release 2024
- U.S. Drought Monitor county statisticsNational Drought Mitigation Center (University of Nebraska–Lincoln), USDA and NOAA · release 2026-09-29
- Fatality Analysis Reporting SystemNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration · release 2024
- nClimGrid-Daily county averagesNOAA National Centers for Environmental Information · release 2025
- Regional Economic AccountsU.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis · release 2024
- Local Area Unemployment StatisticsU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · release 2025
- Quarterly Census of Employment and WagesU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics · release 2026 Q1
- American Community Survey 5-Year EstimatesU.S. Census Bureau · release 2017-2024
- Building Permits SurveyU.S. Census Bureau · release 2026-08
- Business Formation StatisticsU.S. Census Bureau · release 2026-10-01
- Population Estimates ProgramU.S. Census Bureau · release 2025
- Small Area Health Insurance EstimatesU.S. Census Bureau · release 2024
- Small Area Income and Poverty EstimatesU.S. Census Bureau · release 2024
- Alternative Fuels Data Center station locatorU.S. Department of Energy · release 2026-10
- Election Administration and Voting SurveyU.S. Election Assistance Commission · release 2024
- County Health Rankings & RoadmapsUniversity of Wisconsin Population Health Institute · release 2022-2025+2026-03-supplement
- Zillow Home Value Index, Observed Rent Index and affordabilityZillow Research · release 2026-08